Pa Epulo 30, 2026 – Msika wa alumina woyendetsedwa padziko lonse lapansi wakula kwambiri mu 2025, ndipo mtengo wake wonse wafika pa USD 1.19 biliyoni, malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa lomwe latulutsidwa ndi Datam Intelligence 4 Market Research LLP. Ziwerengero zikusonyeza kuti msikawu upitiliza kukula kwake kosalekeza, ukukulira pamlingo wokulirapo pachaka (CAGR) wa 5.9% kuyambira 2025 mpaka 2033 ndikufikira USD 1.87 biliyoni pofika kumapeto kwa nthawi yolosera. Kukula kodabwitsa kumeneku kumalimbikitsidwa makamaka ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, kufalikira mwachangu kwa makampani atsopano amagetsi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito alumina woyendetsedwa m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuyambira kuchiza madzi mpaka kuthandizira othandizira ndi kuyeretsa mpweya.
Alumina yogwira ntchito, mtundu wa aluminiyamu oxide (Al₂O₃) wokhala ndi mapokoso ambiri opangidwa ndi dehydroxylating aluminiyamu hydroxide, imadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yabwino kwambiri yolowetsa madzi, malo okwera kwambiri (nthawi zambiri kuyambira 200 mpaka 400 m²/g), komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Makhalidwe apadera awa amawapangitsa kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, ndi kuyeretsa madzi, mankhwala a petrochemical, ndi mphamvu zatsopano zomwe zikubweretsa kufunikira kwakukulu pamsika m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Mu gawo la kuyeretsa madzi, kukhazikitsa miyezo yokhwima ya chilengedwe kwakhala chothandizira chachikulu pakukula kwa msika. Maboma padziko lonse lapansi akukhwimitsa malamulo kuti atsimikizire kuti madzi akumwa abwino akupezeka, ndipo bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) likuyerekeza kuti anthu pafupifupi 2 biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi akadalibe madzi abwino akumwa. Alumina yogwiritsidwa ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa madzi kuti ichotse fluoride, arsenic, ndi zinthu zina zodetsa, chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kuchepetsa fluoride kuchokera pa 10 ppm kufika pa 1 ppm pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwino. Ku China, kukhazikitsidwa kwa 《Drinking Water Hygiene Standard》 (GB 5749–2022) komwe kwasinthidwa kwawonjezera kwambiri kufunikira kwa zinthu za alumina zoyendetsedwa bwino kwambiri zokhala ndi malo apadera (≥380 m²/g), kuchuluka kwa ma pore ambiri (≥0.45 cm³/g), komanso kuchuluka kochepa kwa zodetsa (Fe₂O₃ ≤0.02%), ndipo kuchuluka kwa mitundu yapamwamba m'malo opangira madzi m'matauni kudafika pa 71.3% mu 2024.
Makampani atsopano opanga mphamvu, makamaka gawo la mabatire a lithiamu-ion, ayamba kukhala ngati choyendetsa msika wa alumina wothandizidwa. Pamene kulimbikira kwapadziko lonse lapansi kukufuna njira zokhazikika zamagetsi kukukulirakulira, kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) ndi makina osungira mphamvu kwawonjezeka, zomwe zikupangitsa kuti pakhale kufunika kwa alumina wothandizidwa ndi kuyera kwambiri popanga mabatire. Alumina yogwiritsidwa ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyatsira chinyezi m'mabatire a lithiamu-ion, kuteteza kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chinyezi ndi zinyalala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti batire ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Mu 2024, kufunikira kwa alumina wogwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito zophimba mabatire a lithiamu ku China kunapitilira matani 21,000, ndi CAGR ya 37.6% kuyambira 2020 mpaka 2024, ndipo phindu lonse la gawoli linakhala pakati pa 35% ndi 42%, lokwera kwambiri kuposa la ntchito zachikhalidwe.
Makampani opanga mafuta ndi oyeretsera akupitilizabe kugwiritsa ntchito alumina yoyendetsedwa, komwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chothandizira ndi choyeretsera. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi komanso kukweza njira za 煤化工, kufunikira kwa alumina yoyendetsedwa yokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamakina (≥150 N/cm) komanso kuwongolera kukula kwa ma pore molondola (8–15 nm) kwapitirira kukwera. Mu 2024, kugwiritsa ntchito alumina yoyendetsedwa mu ntchito zonyamula ma catalyst kunafika matani 128,000, ndipo chiwerengero cha zinthu zapamwamba chikukwera kufika pa 58%.
Msika wa m'madera osiyanasiyana ukuwonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu, pomwe Asia-Pacific ikuyamba kukhala msika waukulu chifukwa cha kukula kwa mafakitale mwachangu, malamulo okhwima okhudza chilengedwe, komanso kukhalapo kwa malo akuluakulu opangira zinthu. China, makamaka, yakhala wosewera wofunikira pamsika wapadziko lonse wa alumina wothandizidwa, ndipo mphamvu zake zonse zopangira zidafika matani 1.68 miliyoni mu 2024, pomwe zoposa 60% ya mphamvu zatsopanozo zinali zinthu zapadera zapamwamba. Makampani otsogola aku China, kuphatikiza Aluminium Corporation of China (Chinalco), Sinocera Material Co., Ltd., ndi Shandong Dongyue Group, akufulumizitsa kusintha kwawo kwanzeru, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi ku Southwest China ndi mitundu yazachuma yozungulira kuti amange maziko opanga zinthu zobiriwira komanso zopanda mpweya wambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pulojekiti ya Chinalco ya alumina yogwiritsidwa ntchito yobiriwira ya matani 100,000 pachaka ku Yunnan, yomwe idapangidwa mu 2024, ili ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito pa chinthu chilichonse ndi 18% yotsika kuposa avareji yamakampani.
North America ilinso okonzeka kukula msika mwachangu, chifukwa cha malamulo okhwima okhudza kuyeretsa madzi ndi utsi wochokera m'mafakitale, komanso ndalama zambiri zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa ukadaulo. Zomwe zachitika posachedwapa m'makampani ku United States zikuphatikizapo kugula kampani yopanga zinthu zotsekemera zochokera ku US ndi kampani yapadziko lonse lapansi ya mankhwala apadera mu Januwale 2026, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa zinthu zake zotsukira alumina ndikulimbitsa malo ake m'misika yazachilengedwe ndi mphamvu. Mu Juni 2025, Hindalco Industries idamaliza kugula kampani ya Aluchem Companies Inc. yochokera ku US kuti ikule alumina yake yapadera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito alumina komanso kupeza ukadaulo wapamwamba wopangira zinthu.
Ngakhale kuti pali njira yabwino yokulira, msika wa alumina wothandizidwa umakumana ndi mavuto angapo, kuphatikizapo kusinthasintha kwa mitengo ya zinthu zopangira komanso kuopsa kwa zinthu zina monga ma sieve a molecular. Zinthu zazikulu zopangira alumina wothandizidwa ndi mafakitale ndi aluminiyamu hydroxide, yomwe mtengo wake umakhudzidwa ndi momwe msika wa alumina umayendera. Pakati pa 2021 ndi 2023, mavuto a mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi komanso zoletsa zopangira aluminiyamu zamagetsi m'nyumba zinapangitsa kuti mitengo ya alumina ikwere kwambiri, kufika pa 3,800 yuan/tani (SMM data), zomwe zinawonjezera ndalama zopangira kwa opanga. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, mabizinesi ena atembenukira ku kuchotsa aluminiyamu hydroxide kuchokera ku zinyalala zolimba zamafakitale monga matope ofiira, zomwe sizimangochepetsa kudalira zinthu zopangira komanso zimagwirizana ndi momwe chuma chikuyendetsedwera. Pakadali pano, mapulojekiti owonetsera ku Guizhou ndi Guangxi akwaniritsa mphamvu yokonza matope ofiira pachaka yoposa matani 500,000, mwachisawawa kutulutsa matani pafupifupi 30,000 a mphamvu ya alumina wothandizidwa.
Poganizira zamtsogolo, msika wapadziko lonse wa alumina wothandizidwa padziko lonse lapansi ukuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula, chifukwa cha kufunikira kowonjezereka kuchokera ku ntchito zomwe zikubwera monga kuyeretsa hydrogen ndi carbon capture and storage (CCS). Pamene dziko lapansi likusintha kukhala magwero amagetsi oyera, alumina wothandizidwa akuwoneka kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri mumakampani opanga hydrogen, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zinthu za chinyezi ndi sulfure kuchokera ku hydrogen yopangidwa kudzera mu nthunzi ya methane reforming (SMR), kuonetsetsa kuti maselo amafuta ogwira ntchito bwino ndi oyera. Mu gawo la CCS, alumina wothandizidwa akufufuzidwa kuti adziwe momwe angagwire ndikusunga carbon dioxide, ndikukulitsa ntchito yake.
Akatswiri amakampani akulosera kuti mpikisano wa msika wa alumina wothandizidwa upitilizabe kusintha, ndi mabizinesi omwe akuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zatsopano, kusintha zinthu, ndi kupanga zinthu zobiriwira kuti apeze mwayi wopikisana. Kusintha kuchoka pa mpikisano wokhazikika kupita ku mpikisano wokhazikika kukuyembekezeka kufulumira, ndipo zinthu zapadera zapamwamba zimakhala ndi zoposa 45% ya zokolola zonse pofika chaka cha 2027. "Mabizinesi omwe ali ndi luso lopanga zinthu zobiriwira, mapangidwe ogwirizana m'madera, komanso kuwongolera ukadaulo mwadongosolo adzalamulira mwayi wa kapangidwe ka msika," adatero katswiri wamakampani ochokera ku Datam Intelligence. "Makampani a alumina othandizidwa ali pafupi ndi gawo latsopano la chitukuko chapamwamba, choyendetsedwa ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, mphamvu zatsopano, ndi luso laukadaulo."
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-30-2026
