MINERAL ADSORBENTS, ZOSEFA, NDI ZOUMITSA
Masieve a ma molekyulu ndi ma alumininosilicate achitsulo a crystalline okhala ndi maukonde olumikizana amitundu itatu a silika ndi alumina tetrahedra. Madzi achilengedwe a hydration amachotsedwa pa netiweki iyi powotchera kuti apange mikwingwirima yofananira yomwe imasankha mamolekyu akukula kwake.
Sieve ya 4 mpaka 8-mesh nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga gasphase, pomwe mtundu wa 8 mpaka 12-mesh ndiwofala pakugwiritsa ntchito liquidphase. Mitundu ya ufa ya 3A, 4A, 5A ndi 13X sieve ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera.
Zodziwika kale ndi mphamvu yakuyanika (ngakhale mpaka 90 ° C), masieve a mamolekyulu awonetsa posachedwapa zothandiza mu njira zopangira organic, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalola kuti zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa zizisiyanitsidwa ndi ma condensation omwe amayendetsedwa ndi kusamvana kosavomerezeka. Zeolite zopangira izi zasonyezedwa kuti zimachotsa madzi, mowa (kuphatikizapo methanol ndi ethanol), ndi HCl kuchokera ku machitidwe monga ketimine ndi enamine syntheses, ester condensations, ndi kutembenuka kwa aldehydes osaturated kukhala polyenals.
| Mtundu | 3A |
| Kupanga | 0.6 K2O: 0.40 Na2O : 1 Al2O3 : 2.0 ± 0.1SiO2 : x H2O |
| Kufotokozera | Mawonekedwe a 3A amapangidwa polowetsa potaziyamu m'malo mwa ayoni a sodium mu kapangidwe ka 4A, kuchepetsa kukula kwa pore mpaka ~ 3Å, kupatula m'mimba mwake > 3Å, mwachitsanzo, ethane. |
| Ntchito Zazikulu | Kuchepa kwa malonda kwa mitsinje ya unsaturated hydrocarbon, kuphatikizapo mpweya wosweka, propylene, butadiene, acetylene; kuyanika zakumwa za polar monga methanol ndi ethanol. Adsorption ya mamolekyu monga NH3 ndi H2O kuchokera mukuyenda kwa N2/H2. Amaganiziridwa ngati chowumitsira cholinga chambiri pama media a polar ndi nonpolar. |
| Mtundu | 4A |
| Kupanga | 1 Na2O: 1 Al2O3: 2.0 ± 0.1 SiO2: x H2O |
| Kufotokozera | Mawonekedwe a sodium awa akuyimira mtundu A banja la masieve a maselo. Kutsegula kwa pore kogwira mtima ndi 4Å, motero kusaphatikiza mamolekyu a m'mimba mwake > 4Å, mwachitsanzo, propane. |
| Ntchito Zazikulu | Kukonda kwa malo amodzi kuchepa madzi m'thupi mu chatsekedwa madzi kapena mpweya kachitidwe, mwachitsanzo, mu ma CD mankhwala, zida zamagetsi ndi kuwonongeka mankhwala; Kutaya madzi mu makina osindikizira ndi mapulasitiki ndi kuyanika mitsinje yodzaza ndi hydrocarbon. Mitundu ya Adsorbed imaphatikizapo SO2, CO2, H2S, C2H4, C2H6, ndi C3H6. Nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati chowumitsa chapadziko lonse lapansi pama media a polar ndi nonpolar. |
| Mtundu | 5A |
| Kupanga | 0.80 CaO : 0.20 Na2O : 1 Al2O3: 2.0 ± 0.1 SiO2: x H2O |
| Kufotokozera | Ma ions a calcium a divalent m'malo mwa sodium cations amapereka malo okwana ~ 5Å omwe amapatula ma molekyulu a m'mimba mwake > 5Å, mwachitsanzo, mphete zonse za 4-carbon, ndi iso-compounds. |
| Ntchito Zazikulu | Kulekana kwa paraffin wabwinobwino kuchokera kunthambi-chain ndi cyclic hydrocarbons; kuchotsa H2S, CO2 ndi mercaptans ku gasi wachilengedwe. Mamolekyu omwe amatsatiridwa ndi nC4H10, nC4H9OH, C3H8 mpaka C22H46, ndi dichlorodifluoro-methane (Freon 12®). |
| Mtundu | 13x pa |
| Kupanga | 1 Na2O: 1 Al2O3 : 2.8 ± 0.2 SiO2 : xH2O |
| Kufotokozera | Mawonekedwe a sodium amayimira maziko amtundu wa X banja, wokhala ndi pore yogwira ntchito mumtundu wa 910¼. Sichidzakhala adsorb(C4F9)3N, mwachitsanzo. |
| Ntchito Zazikulu | Kuyanika kwa gasi wamalonda, kuyeretsa mbewu za mpweya (kuchotsa H2O ndi CO2 panthawi imodzi) ndi kutsekemera kwa hydrocarbon/gesi wachilengedwe (H2S ndi kuchotsa mercaptan). |
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-16-2023
