Ndi kupititsa patsogolo kwa mphamvu zoyeretsera mafuta padziko lonse lapansi, miyezo yokhwima ya mafuta, komanso kufunikira kwa zinthu zopangira mankhwala, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyeretsera mafuta kwakhala kukukula mosalekeza. Pakati pa izi, kukula kwachangu kwambiri kuli m'maiko atsopano ndi mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene.
Chifukwa cha zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, zinthu ndi kapangidwe ka zipangizo za fakitale iliyonse yoyeretsera, kuti mugwiritse ntchito ma catalyst ofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze chinthu choyenera kapena zipangizo zopangira mankhwala, kusankha ma catalyst omwe ali ndi kuthekera kosinthasintha kapena kusankha bwino kumatha kuthetsa mavuto akuluakulu a mafakitale osiyanasiyana oyeretsera ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ku Asia Pacific, Africa ndi Middle East, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kukula kwa zinthu zoyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa, polymerization, kupanga mankhwala, ndi zina zotero, n'kokwera kuposa madera otukuka ku Europe ndi United States.
Mtsogolomu, kufalikira kwa hydrogenation ya petulo kudzakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi hydrogenation yapakati ya distillate, FCC, isomerization, hydrocracking, hydrogenation ya naphtha, hydrogenation yamafuta olemera (mafuta otsala), alkylation (superposition), reforming, ndi zina zotero, ndipo kufunikira kofanana kwa catalyst kudzawonjezekanso motsatana.
Komabe, chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito ma catalyst osiyanasiyana oyeretsera mafuta, kuchuluka kwa ma catalyst oyeretsera mafuta sikungakwere ndi kukula kwa mphamvu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zogulitsa pamsika, malonda ambiri ndi ma catalyst oyeretsera mafuta (hydrotreating ndi hydrocracking, zomwe zimapangitsa 46% ya zonse), kutsatiridwa ndi ma catalyst a FCC (40%), kutsatiridwa ndi ma catalyst okonzanso (8%), ma catalyst a alkylation (5%) ndi ena (1%).
Nazi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zoyambitsa khansa zichitike kuchokera kumakampani otchuka padziko lonse lapansi:
1. Ma Axens
Kampani ya Axens idakhazikitsidwa pa June 30, 2001, pophatikiza dipatimenti yotumiza ukadaulo ya Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP) ndi Procatalyse Catalysts and Additives.
Axens ndi bungwe lodziyimira pawokha lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito zaka pafupifupi 70 za kafukufuku ndi chitukuko komanso zomwe lakwaniritsa mu mafakitale a French Institute of Petroleum Research kuti lipereke zilolezo za njira, kapangidwe ka zomera ndi ntchito zina zokhudzana nazo, kupereka zinthu (zothandizira ndi zokometsera) zoyeretsera, petrochemicals ndi kupanga gasi.
Zothandizira ndi zokometsera za Axens zimagulitsidwa makamaka ku North America ndi Europe.
Kampaniyo ili ndi mitundu yonse ya ma catalyst, Izi zikuphatikizapo ma catalyst oteteza, zinthu zoyezera, ma distillate hydrotreating catalysts, ma residual hydrotreating catalysts, ma hydrocracking catalysts, ma sulfur recovery (Claus) catalysts, ma tail gas treatment catalysts, ma hydrogenation catalysts (hydrogenation, Prime-G+ process catalysts ndi selective hydrogenation catalysts), ma reforming ndi isomerization catalysts (reforming catalysts, isomerization) Catalysts), biofuels ndi ma catalyst ena apadera ndi ma Fischer-Tropsch catalysts, olefin dimerization catalysts, amaperekanso ma adsorbents, mitundu yoposa 150.
2. LyondellBasell
Likulu la Lyondellbasell lili ku Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Basel, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu Disembala 2007, ndiye kampani yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopanga polyolefin. Basell idagula LyondellChemicals pamtengo wa $12.7 biliyoni kuti ipange LyondellBasell Industries yatsopano. Kampaniyo ili m'magawo anayi amalonda: Bizinesi ya Mafuta, Bizinesi ya Mankhwala, Bizinesi ya Polymer, Ukadaulo ndi Bizinesi Yofufuza ndi Chitukuko; Ili ndi mafakitale opitilira 60 m'maiko 19, ndipo zinthu zake zimagulitsidwa kumayiko opitilira 100 padziko lonse lapansi, ndi antchito 15,000. Itakhazikitsidwa, idakhala kampani yachitatu yayikulu kwambiri yodziyimira payokha ya mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi.
Poganizira kwambiri za olefin, polyolefin ndi zina zokhudzana nazo, kugula kwa Lyander Chemicals kumakulitsa mphamvu ya kampaniyo mu petrochemicals, kumalimbitsa udindo wake wa utsogoleri mu polyolefin, ndikulimbitsa udindo wake mu propylene oxide (PO), PO-linked products styrene monomer ndi methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), komanso mu acetyl products. Ndipo PO derivatives monga butanediol ndi propylene glycol ethers ndi malo otsogola;
Lyondellbasell Industries ndi imodzi mwa makampani akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi omwe amapanga zinthu monga polima, petrochemical, ndi mafuta. Mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse lapansi paukadaulo wa polyolefin, kupanga, ndi msika; Ndiwo woyambitsa kupanga propylene oxide ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku propylene oxide. Ndiwopanga mafuta ambiri ndi zinthu zake zoyengedwa, kuphatikizapo biofuels;
Lyondellbasell ili pamalo oyamba padziko lonse lapansi pakupanga polypropylene ndi polypropylene catalyst. Mphamvu yopangira propylene oxide ili pamalo achiwiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mphamvu yopangira polyethylene ili pamalo achitatu padziko lonse lapansi; Ili pamalo achinayi padziko lonse lapansi pakupanga propylene ndi ethylene; Mphamvu yoyamba yopangira styrene monomer ndi MTBE padziko lonse lapansi; Mphamvu yopangira TDI ili ndi 14% ya dziko lapansi, ili pamalo achitatu padziko lonse lapansi; Mphamvu yopangira ethylene ya matani 6.51 miliyoni pachaka, wopanga wachiwiri wamkulu ku North America; Kuphatikiza apo, LyondellBasell ndiye wopanga wachiwiri wa HDPE ndi LDPE ku North America.
Lyander Basell Industries ili ndi mafakitale anayi oyambitsa zinthu zatsopano, awiri ku Germany (Ludwig ndi Frankfurt), limodzi ku Italy (Ferrara) ndi limodzi ku United States (Edison, New Jersey). Kampaniyi ndi yomwe ikutsogolera padziko lonse lapansi popereka zinthu zatsopano za PP, ndipo zinthu zake za PP catalyst ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a msika wapadziko lonse; zinthu za PE catalyst ndi 10% ya msika wapadziko lonse.
3. Johnson Matthey
Johnson Matthey idakhazikitsidwa mu 1817 ndipo likulu lake lili ku London, England. Johnson Matthey ndi mtsogoleri padziko lonse lapansi paukadaulo wapamwamba wa zipangizo ndi mabizinesi atatu: Ukadaulo Wachilengedwe, Zogulitsa Zachitsulo Zamtengo Wapatali ndi Ma Chemicals Abwino & Catalysts.
Ntchito zazikulu za Gululi zikuphatikizapo kupanga ma catalyst a magalimoto, kupanga ma catalyst a injini ya dizilo olemera komanso njira zawo zowongolera kuipitsa, ma catalyst a fuel cell ndi zida zawo, ma catalyst a process process ndi ukadaulo wawo, kupanga ndi kugulitsa mankhwala abwino ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito zamankhwala, kuyeretsa mafuta, kukonza zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, komanso kupanga utoto ndi zokutira za mafakitale agalasi ndi ceramic.
Mu makampani oyeretsera ndi mankhwala, Johnson Matthey amapanga makamaka chothandizira kupanga methanol, chothandizira kupanga ammonia, chothandizira kupanga hydrogen, chothandizira kupanga hydrogenation, chothandizira kuyeretsa zinthu zosaphika, chothandizira kupanga zinthu zisanayambe kusinthidwa, chothandizira kusintha nthunzi, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kwambiri, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kochepa, chothandizira kupanga methanation, chothandizira kupanga deVOC, chothandizira kuchotsa fungo loipa, ndi zina zotero. Zinatchulidwa kuti KATALCO, PURASPEC, HYTREAT, PURAVOC, Sponge MetalTM, HYDECAT, SMOPEX, ODORGARD, ACCENT ndi mitundu ina.
Mitundu ya chothandizira cha methanol ndi iyi: chothandizira kuyeretsa, chothandizira chisanatembenuke, chothandizira kusintha nthunzi, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kwa mpweya, chothandizira kusintha kwa magawo awiri ndi chothandizira kusintha kutentha chokha, chothandizira kusintha cholimba cha sulfure, chothandizira kupanga methanol.
Mitundu ya zosakaniza zopangira ammonia ndi iyi: chothandizira kuyeretsa, chothandizira chisanayambe kusinthika, chothandizira kusintha gawo loyamba, chothandizira kusintha gawo lachiwiri, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kwambiri, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kochepa, chothandizira kusintha kwa methanation, chothandizira kupanga ammonia.
Mitundu ya ma catalyst opanga haidrojeni ndi awa: chothandizira kuyeretsa, chothandizira chisanatembenuke, chothandizira kusintha nthunzi, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kwambiri, chothandizira kusintha kutentha kochepa, chothandizira kusintha kwa methanation.
Zothandizira za PURASPEC zimaphatikizapo: chothandizira kuchotsa sulfurization, chothandizira kuchotsa mercury, chothandizira cha deCOS, chothandizira cha ultra-pure, chothandizira cha hydrodesulfurization.
4. Haldor Topsoe, Denmark
Helder Topso idakhazikitsidwa mu 1940 ndi Dr. Hardetopso ndipo lerolino imagwiritsa ntchito anthu pafupifupi 1,700. Likulu lake, malo ofufuzira kafukufuku ndi malo ochitira uinjiniya zili pafupi ndi Copenhagen, Denmark;
Kampaniyo yadzipereka ku kafukufuku wa sayansi, chitukuko ndi kugulitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoyambitsa mphamvu, ndipo ikuphatikizapo kusamutsa ukadaulo wokhala ndi patent, komanso uinjiniya ndi kumanga nsanja zoyambitsa mphamvu;
Topsoe imapanga makamaka chothandizira kupanga ammonia, chothandizira kuyeretsa zinthu zopangira, chothandizira magalimoto, chothandizira kusintha kwa CO, chothandizira kuyaka, chothandizira dimethyl ether (DME), chothandizira denitrification (DeNOx), chothandizira methanation, chothandizira methanol, chothandizira kuyeretsa mafuta, chothandizira kusintha nthunzi, chothandizira sulfuric acid, chothandizira wet sulfuric acid (WSA).
Ma catalyst oyeretsera mafuta a Topsoe makamaka amaphatikizapo catalyst yothira mafuta, catalyst yothira mafuta ndi catalyst yowongolera kutsika kwa pressure. Pakati pawo, ma catalyst othira mafuta amatha kugawidwa m'magulu monga naphtha hydrotreating, hydrotreating yothira mafuta, low sulfur ndi ultra-low sulfure diesel hydrotreating ndi FCC pretreatment catalysts malinga ndi momwe kampaniyo imagwiritsira ntchito ma catalyst othira mafuta ali ndi mitundu 44;
Topsoe ili ndi mafakitale awiri opanga zinthu zothandizira ku Denmark ndi ku United States omwe ali ndi mizere 24 yonse yopanga.
5. Gulu la INOES
Kampani ya Ineos Group, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1998, ndi kampani yachinayi yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopanga mankhwala a petrochemicals, mankhwala apadera, ndi zinthu zamafuta, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Southampton, UK.
Ineos Group inayamba kukula kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 mwa kupeza zinthu zosafunikira kwenikweni za makampani ena, motero kulowa m'gulu la atsogoleri a makampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi.
Mabizinesi a Ineos Group akuphatikizapo zinthu zopangidwa ndi petrochemical, mankhwala apadera ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mafuta, zomwe ABS, HFC, phenol, acetone, melamine, acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, polystyrene ndi zinthu zina zili ndi malo otsogola pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. PVC, zinthu zopangidwa ndi vulcanization, VAM, PVC composites, linear alpha olefin, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde ndi zinthu zina zochokera kuzinthu zake, ethylene, polyethylene, petulo, dizilo, mafuta a jet, mafuta a civil fuel ndi zinthu zina zili pamalo otsogola pamsika waku Europe.
Mu 2005 Ineos adagula Innovene kuchokera ku BP ndipo adayamba kupanga ndi kutsatsa ma catalyst. Bizinesi ya catalyst ya kampaniyo ndi ya Ineos Technologies, yomwe imapereka makamaka ma catalyst a polyolefin, ma acrylonitrile catalysts, ma maleic anhydride catalysts, ma vinyl catalysts ndi njira zawo zaukadaulo.
Ma catalyst a polyolefin akhala akupangidwa kwa zaka zoposa 30, kupereka ma catalyst, ntchito zaukadaulo ndi chithandizo cha matani opitilira 7.7 miliyoni a Innovene™ PE ndi matani 3.3 miliyoni a Innovene™ PP.
6. Mitsui Chemicals
Kampani ya Mitsui Chemical, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1997, ndi kampani yachiwiri yayikulu kwambiri yophatikiza mankhwala ku Japan pambuyo pa Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, komanso imodzi mwa makampani otsogola padziko lonse lapansi opanga zinthu za phenol, isopropyl alcohol, polyethylene ndi polypropylene, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Tokyo, Japan.
Mitsui Chemical ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala, zipangizo zapadera ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo. Pakadali pano yagawidwa m'magawo atatu a bizinesi: Zipangizo Zogwirira Ntchito, Mankhwala Otsogola, ndi Mankhwala Oyambira. Bizinesi yake yothandiza anthu ndi gawo la Likulu la Bizinesi Yothandiza Anthu; Zinthu zomwe zimathandiza anthu kupanga mankhwala ndi monga olefin polymerization catalyst, molecular catalyst, heterogeneous catalyst, alkyl anthraquinone catalyst ndi zina zotero.
7, JGC C&C Day swing catalyst Formation Company
Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, idakhazikitsidwa pa Julayi 1, 2008, pophatikiza bizinesi ndi chuma cha mabungwe awiri omwe ali ndi kampani ya Japan Nichiwa Corporation (JGC CORP, chidule cha NIChiwa ku China), Japan Catalyst Chemical Corporation (CCIC) ndi Nick Chemical Co., LTD. (NCC). Likulu lake lili ku Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
CCIC idakhazikitsidwa pa Julayi 21, 1958, ndipo likulu lake lili ku Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Imagwira ntchito makamaka popanga ma catalyst, ndi ma catalyst oyeretsera mafuta ngati likulu, zinthuzi zikuphatikizapo ma catalyst a FCC, ma catalyst ochiza madzi, ma catalyst a denitrification (DeNox) ndi zinthu zabwino za mankhwala (zipangizo zopangira zodzikongoletsera, zipangizo zowunikira, zipangizo zamakristalo amadzimadzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowonetsera, zipangizo za semiconductor, ndi zina zotero). NCC idakhazikitsidwa pa Ogasiti 18, 1952, ndipo likulu lake lili ku Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Kukula kwakukulu, kupanga ndi kugulitsa ma catalyst a mankhwala, zinthuzi zikuphatikizapo hydrogenation catalyst, dehydrogenation catalyst, solid alkali catalyst, gas cleansing adsorbents, ndi zina zotero. Zipangizo za Cathode ndi ma catalyst oyeretsera chilengedwe a mabatire omwe angadzazidwenso.
Malinga ndi zinthuzi, kampaniyo yagawidwa m'magawo atatu: catalyst, mankhwala abwino ndi chilengedwe/mphamvu zatsopano. Kampaniyo imapanga ndikugulitsa ma catalyst kuphatikizapo ma catalyst oyenga mafuta, ma catalyst oyenga mafuta ndi ma catalyst oteteza chilengedwe.
Ma catalyst a fakitale yoyeretsera zinthu ndi makamaka ma catalyst a FCC ndi ma hydrogenation process catalysts, otsirizawa akuphatikizapo hydrofining, hydrotreating ndi hydrocracking catalysts; Ma catalyst a mankhwala ndi monga petrochemical catalyst, hydrogenation catalyst, syngas conversion catalyst, catalyst catalysts ndi zeolite; Ma Catalyst oteteza chilengedwe ndi awa: zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe, ma flue gas denitrification catalysts, ma oxidation catalysts ndi zipangizo zochizira utsi wa magalimoto, deodorizing/antibacterial materials, VOC adsorption/decomposition catalysts, ndi zina zotero.
Kampani yochepetsera magetsi ya kampaniyo ili ndi gawo la msika la 80% ku Europe ndi 70% pamsika ku United States, ndipo ili ndi zoposa 60% ya makina ochepetsera magetsi padziko lonse lapansi.
8. SINOPEC Catalyst Co., LTD
Sinopec Catalyst Co., LTD., kampani yothandizidwa ndi Sinopec Corporation, ndiye bungwe lalikulu lomwe limayang'anira kupanga, kugulitsa ndi kuyang'anira bizinesi ya Sinopec yokonza zinthu, kuyang'anira ndalama ndi kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi ya Sinopec yokonza zinthu, komanso kuyang'anira bwino makampani opanga zinthu zokonza zinthu.
Sinopec Catalyst Co., Ltd. ndi imodzi mwa makampani opanga, ogulitsa, ndi opereka chithandizo chachikulu padziko lonse lapansi cha zinthu zoyeretsera ndi zoyeretsera mankhwala. Potengera bungwe la Institute of Petrochemical Science ndi Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute, kampaniyo ikupitiliza kukulitsa msika wa zinthu zoyeretsera mafuta m'dziko lonse lapansi. Zinthu zoyeretsera mafuta zimaphatikizapo zinthu zoyeretsera mafuta, zinthu zoyeretsera polyolefin, zinthu zoyambira zachilengedwe, zinthu zoyeretsera mankhwala a malasha, zinthu zoyeretsera zachilengedwe, zinthu zina zoyeretsera mafuta ndi mitundu ina 6. Ngakhale kuti zikukwaniritsa zosowa za msika wa m'dzikolo, zinthuzi zimatumizidwanso ku Europe, America, Asia, Africa ndi misika ina yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Malo opangira zinthuzi amapezeka makamaka m'maboma ndi m'mizinda isanu ndi umodzi, kuphatikizapo Beijing, Shanghai, Hunan, Shandong, Liaoning ndi Jiangsu, ndipo zinthuzi zimagwira ntchito m'magawo atatu ofunikira: kuyeretsa mafuta, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Ili ndi mayunitsi 8 omwe ali ndi eni ake, mayunitsi awiri ogwirira ntchito, gawo limodzi loyang'anira lomwe lapatsidwa udindo, malo anayi ogulitsa ndi operekera chithandizo m'nyumba, ndi maofesi anayi oyimira mayiko akunja.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-17-2023
